Wall-covering and process of making same.



' having the decoration run or invention "which is East Orange, in the county of Essex,

*UNIEI) STATES PATENT orrron.

JOSEPH N. WIGGIN, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB TO H: B. WIGGINS SONS COMPANY, OF BLOOMFIELD, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

WALL-COVERING AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Nov. 12, 1912.

Serial No. 478,824.

No Drawing. Application filed February 19, 1909.

lowing operations are preferably performed, and preferably in the following order: The fabric preferably bleached is first preferably wet or watered in a padder, with hot water. This wetting shrinks and washes the goods, and the subsequent drying opens the pores. This puts the goods in better condition to take the dye stuffs. is next dried by being run over heated cylinders. The fabric is then dyed (if the color desired is'sufiiciently dark to permit dyeing) the fabric being dipped in the dye, and both sides receiving the color. This is done on a padder with dye liquor preferably composed of an aqueous solution of dye stuff, and a stiffener, which latter may be glue, casein, dextrine, starch, flour, soluble gums (as tragacanth or arabic), or other stifl'enmg material, or a combination of the foregoing. The solution is preferably applied hot. Next the fabric isdried, preferably over heated cylinders,'the goods being preferably stretched laterally during this operation. A coating is put on the back fabric by a coating machine, the purpose of which coating is to. enable the fabric to retain its shape after it is pasted and cut and while it is being hungpvhile also permitting the paste to get sufficient hold on the fabric to secure good adhesioni This back coating may be of any well-known composition, as my invention does not relate specifically to it. A size of any Well-known composition is then put on the face means of a printing machine. The goods are then calendered, preferably by means of a stack calender. The first coat of color is then put on printing machine having an intaglio printg surface and'known as a pin roller. The composition of this coating is preferably as follows: 20 parts cooked until homogeneous: 6 parts cornstarch; 48 parts water; 12 parts solution, (1 part gum tragacanth, 1 parts water.) 4: parts solution, (2 parts fine mica, 3 parts water.) Necessary colorin matter.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that T, Josnrn N. Wrccin, of and in the State of New J ersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Wall-Coverings and Processes of Making Same, and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

' The object of my invention has been to provide a wall covering and process of making the same, which wall covering shall have among others the following advantages: that it shall have permanency of color for the lighter tints; that its face shall be sufficiently insoluble so that dirt and dust can be washed therefrom without injurythereto; that it shall have a thread effect free from blemishes; that it shall have printing thereon with waterproof. color; that its face shall be of such a'nature that decorations of various kinds can be applied thereto, such as calcimine, or oil, or water color, without spread into and to such ends the wall covering the face of the covering; my invention consists in hereinafter specifi T shall-describe that embodiment of my the best embodiment but such description is to be taken as only illustrative of the many embodiments of which my invention is capable. In the illustrated embodiment, I use as a base a fabric'which I prefer to make of cotton. When the color to be given'to the face is dark enough, the cotton is dyed the same color as it is to have on the face when finished. With lighter colors the fabric is not dyed. If the natural weave of the fabric were permitted to show in the finished wall covering, the unavoidableirregularities in, the thickness of the thread and in the weaving'would make very objectionable blemishes. If the fabric were used in its natural condition, the cotton would soften when paste was applied to the fabric, so that-it would stretch and wilt, and lose its shape, and could not be accurately cut to fit the baseboard, picture rail or ceiling, and adjacent strips (if wall covering. For this reason the fabric is treated as hereinafter stated.

In the ering according to my said process,

known to me,

may be considerably varied from this formula, although I- prefer them as stated. The fabric is then calendered, after which a second run ofcolor is applied to the'face of manufacture of my said wall covof the The above ingredients and proportions,

the fabric, said last-mentioned run prefer-- The fabric of the goods by the face of the fabric by afollowing advantages: I

first-mentioned face run of color The fabric is next wet on the back with water as by a printing machine, after which it is embossed. After having been embossed, the

relief portions of the'embossing are printed on the face with oil'colors as on a prmter.

The composition of ors may be varied within wide limits. formula which I prefer to use for this pose is as follows: .1 ographic varnish, 1 lish patent drier.

The

part by weight of lithpart by weight of Eng- Necessary coloring matter, coloring 'matter composed of pigment,

ground in Japan.

I have found that the color printed according to the above water-proof formula is water proof, and 'ye'tcanbe printed in the desired form on the covering, without either having it spread beyond the outlines desired, or fail to, take hold of the surface. In each of the aboveformulae, the proportions given are all by Myv wall covering weight. has among others the have found by actual experience andsevere tests that I secure an unusual permanency of color, even-for the lighter tints. \Ordinarily the lighter tints. fade to a 'very' objectionable extent. My covering holdsthe' color for the lighter tints in avery satisfactory way. I haye found .by actual experience under trying circumstances, such-as 1n the soft coal re- .lmpervious, and it is gions,that the surface ofmy. covering can be cleaned withoutinjury, to remove soot and dirt. For some reason (chiefly due to the mica, I believe,

which the pressure seems to laminate) the surface is comparatively slight'extent when the covering is Washed,

is protected by the mica,

clently so that the bulk of the face coating remains,

and as the mica is transparent to some eX-- tent, the color beneath the outer surface of the mica shows through, and thus while it the coloris able to produce its desired effect.

. The natural Weave of the fabric is sufli- Q covered upby the mica, so that any weaving defects which'may appear in the cloth areconcealed, and the thread effect is and thus a due alone to the embossing,

produced WhlCh is free from thread effect is blemishes. I

The colored surface of my covering is of sue a permanent and impervious nature that decorations of'various kinds can be suecessfully applied to it after it is on the wall. Calcimine, or oil, or water colors, can be applied without having the decoration run or spread intothe back.

I am aware that verymany changes can be made in'the above-described embodiment of my invention, and I desire not to be limthe Water-proof co1-' "woven fabric, having removed to only a L ited beyond the necessary intendment of my claims and the requirements of the prior art.

I claim:

1. The process of rendering a Woven fabric washable, comprising sizing the fabric, coating such mica mixture, embossing said fabric throughout its extent to produce a design having raised portions, and to effect stratification of the mica laminzc and printing upon the raised portions of such embossing with water-proof color.

2. A wall covering, comprising a sized a face coating of a Water-soluble mica mixture, said fabric being embossed to produce a lamination of the mica.

3. A wall covering, comprising a sized Woven fabric, having a face coating of a water-soluble mica mixture, said fabric be ing embossed to produce a lamination of the mica, and having a printing of water-proof color upon the raised portions of said embossing.

4. The process of making a covering from fabric, consisting in applying a color to one surface, embossing a pattern of elevations and depressions in general continuity on said fabric on the colored side and then applying another color to the elevations, merely.

5. The process of making-a covering of woven fabric, consisting in stiffening said fabric, applying color to its surface, embossing a thread effect thereon, and then applying another color to the elevations of the embossing.

6. A coated fabric covering, comprising a woven and stiffened fabric having a color applied to its surface, and a thread effect embossed thereon, "and having a different color applied to the relief portions.

7. The process of making a covering from fabricconsist-ing in applying color to one surface and embossing a pattern of elevations and depressions in general continuity on said fabric on the colored side, and then producing a different color effecton the elevations merely.

8. A coated fabric covering, comprising a stiff fabric having a color applied to its surface, a pattern OfwBlQVZLt-lOIlS and depressions embossed in general continuity on said fabric on the colored side, and a different color eflect on the relief portions merely.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand.

\ JOSEPH N. WIGGIN.

Witnesses:

JOHN R. WINANS, FLORENCE E. SEWELL.

fabric with a Water-solulfle 

